Question: What do I do
to manage a one terabyte database? What Oracle
features are used for very large databases? Can you
provide a list of features for very large databases?
Answer: Most Oracle VLDB shops use
best practices Oracle scaling VLDB. These are some
of the features that you would expect to see in a multi
terabyte database:
- Bigfile tablespaces:
Bigfile tablespaces allow for very large OS files to be
used, simplifying management.
- Temporary tablespace
groups: This is critical for VLDB, see
temporary tablespace groups.
- Partitioning: Partitioning
is critical for very large databases, and you will want to
partition both tables and indexes.
- Hash partitioned global
indexes: These are useful when an index has a
high number of leaf blocks and it is experiencing
contention.
- Large blocksizes:
Many multi terabyte VLDB databases use a 32k blocksize, and
many deploy multiple blocksizes.
- Automatic big table
caching: Automatic
big table caching enables large-table full-table scans
(using parallel query) as well as serial queries to use the
buffer cache. This features is only for databases with
very large database buffer cache sizes because caching a
very large table will consume RAM buffers that might be used
by smaller, popular tables. See
db_big_table_cache_percent_target.
- Advanced index compression:
This VLDB feature allows for indexes on very large tables.
See
advanced_index_compression.
- Exadata servers: These
are hardware solutions designed for VLDB systems. It
also includes Exadata
zone_maps.
- Automatic Data
Optimization:
Automatic Data Optimization (ADO) is a method that
allows "policies" to be applied to tables. these
policies are used to "move" data to different storage tiers.
- Oracle
heat maps: A heat map is a
method for the block popularity within the data buffers,
where frequently-referenced data resides on faster storage
and unpopular data is moved to slower tertiary archive
disks.
Here are some Oracle features that you do not need to use
with a VLDB:
- ASMM: Automatic
memory management is not designed for VLDB, and the DBA
should specify separate SGA pools for the SGA
(db_cache_size, shared_pool_size, etc.)
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